SOIL & WATER CONSERVATION

Presentation by:

Dr. G. M. SUJITH
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, BANGALORE
KARNATAKA

Slides 1 – 10: SOIL & WATER CONSERVATION – AN OVERVIEW

– SOIL EROSION: On-site effect, Off-site effect

– FORMS OF WATER EROSION: Splash Erosion , Sheet Erosion, Rill Erosion, Gully Erosion, Ravines, Landslides

– SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION:

– Erosion management [Preventive measures, Control measures]

– Water conservation [In -situ management, Water table management, Run off management]

– Soil fertility management

[Balanced nutrients, Nutrient recycling, Integrated Nutrient management]

– Vegetation management [Crops, Trees, Pasture]

• Principles of soil and water conservation practices:

 Rain water management

– reduction of splash erosion, detachment and transport of soil particles

 Control of run off – to check sheet, rill and gully erosion

• Factors on which soil & water conservation measures designed:

Soil, land slope, rainfall and wind characteristics

– Classification of Soil and water conservation measures adopted:

 Agronomical measures

 Engineering measures

– Soil and water conservation measures:

ARABLE LAND MANAGEMENT: Agronomical measures, Engineering measures

Agronomical measures:

1) Wind erosion control measures –

Vegetative cover, Strip cropping, Stubble mulching, Tillage practices, Wind breaks & shelter belts

2) Water erosion control measures –

Contour farming, Ley farming, Crop residue management, Vegetative barriers/live bunds, Ridges and furrows

3) Engineering measures –

Contour bunds, *Stone wall terrace, Water ways, Gully plugging

NON – ARABLE LAND MANAGEMENT:

In – situ moisture conservation measures, Drainage lines, Trench and mound fencing, Barbed wire fencing,

Vegetative cover – pastures &afforestation

•Soil and water conservation measures are best needed for maintaining an balanced ecosystem for sustainable crop production in drylands

•Efficient management of rain water can boost agricultural production from drylands